شرح قصيدة The Tyger by William Blake
Tyger! Tyger! burning bright
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
In what distant deeps or skies
Burnt the fire of thine eyes?
On what wings dare he aspire?
What the hand dare sieze the fire?
And what shoulder, & what art.
Could twist the sinews of thy heart?
And when thy heart began to beat,
What dread hand? & what dread feet?
What the hammer? what the chain?
In what furnace was thy brain?
What the anvil? what dread grasp
Dare its deadly terrors clasp?
When the stars threw down their spears,
And watered heaven with their tears,
Did he smile his work to see?
Did he who made the Lamb make thee?
Tyger! Tyger! burning bright
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?
الشرح
The Tyger is a poem by the English poet William Blake.It was published as part of his collection Songs of Experience in 1794. It is one of Blake's best known and most analyzed poems. Most modern anthologies maintain Blake's choice of the archaic spelling "tyger". It was already "slightly archaic" when he wrote the poem, he spelled it as "tiger" elsewhere, and many of his poetic effects "depended on subtle differences of punctuation and of spelling. Thus, his choice of "tyger" has usually been interpreted as being for effect, perhaps to render an "exotic or alien quality of the beast", or because it's not really about a "tiger" at all, but a metaphor
Blake was a poet who wrote about serious adult concerns such as Christian beliefs in a simple childlike form. He interpreted Christianity in his own way and was always questioning it. 'The Tyger' is a poem from a collection of his poems, 'Songs of Experience'. This book is normally read along side its opposite, 'Songs of Innocence', each poem has an opposite in the other book -'The Tyger's' opposite is 'The Lamb.'
The Tyger poem is printed with a picture surrounding it; this helps us to understand the verse from the poet's eyes. 'The Tyger' picture is gloomy with a dark, dead tree overhanging and shadowing the poem. The Tyger stands powerfully at the bottom. 'The Tyger' poem's opposite, 'The Lamb', has a lighter picture with the sheep grazing peacefully, one even eating
from a human's hand.....
:"Themes"
Why did God create both gentle and fearful creatures? Why did God create a world with bloodshed, pain and terror? "The Tyger" by William Blake, takes readers on a journey of faith. Through a cycle of unanswered questions, William Blake motivates the readers to question God. Blake sees a necessity for balance in the world, and suggests to the readers that God created a world with a balance of good and evil so that humanity can see goodness more clearly through contrast and comparison. This theme is achieved through the poem's imagery, figurative language, and structure.this poem conveys a very strong meaning in contrasting the differences between good and evil. the tyger, obviously symbolizing evil, is described in such a way as to put fear into the reader. and the line, "in what furnace was thy brain?" you kind of get the feeling the the tyger came straight from hell. he symbolizes solitude, fire, and all things evil. the lamb on the other hand is symbolizing innocence and constant companionship. the way in which they are described is an amazing way to show the contrast and differece in God's creatures. the poet also questions the fact that the two animals were created by the same person. in the lines that read, "What immortal hand or eye, dare frame thy fearful symmetry" the writer questions the work of god, because whoever made the lamb could not possibly make another creature so horrible that he
is the apitimy of all evil.
:"Imagery"
William Blake’s The Tyger is reminiscent of when God questioned Job rhetorically about his creations, many of them being fearsome beasts such as the leviathan or the behemoth. Much like this speech from the old testament, The Tyger also uses a significant amount of imagery and symbolism which contributes to its spiritual aspects
There is a wealth of imagery in the first two lines alone. The poem begins
Tyger! Tyger! burning bright In the forests of the night, The reader conceives in their mind the image of a tiger with a coat blazing like fire in the bowels of a dark forest. This creates a negative impression of the tiger, so some might say that the tiger is symbolic of evil. Some people may go even further to conclude that the tiger is a symbol of Satan. Perhaps mainly the people who derive their interpretation of hell from Dante’s Inferno, or other works of literature that portray the devil as a predator, cloaked in flames residing in the darkness of hell. . The Tyger is a short poem of very regular form and meter,. It is six quatrains, four-line stanzas rhymed AABB, so that they are each made up of two rhyming couplets
... bright
... night
... eye
... symmetry
... skies
... dies
... aspire
... fire
... art
... heart
... beat
... feet
The second stanza is a continuation of the speaker's questions regarding this mysterious tyger. Earlier in the first stanza, the speaker acknowledges that there is something "fearful" about this creature. That is why he continues to ask: "In what distant deeps or skies / Burnt the fire of thine eyes?" Again there is the mention of "fire" which coincides with the "burning bright" reference in the first stanza. The last two lines of the stanza: "On what wings dare he aspire? / What the hand dare seize the fire?" repeatedly uses the word "dare" to stress the speaker's now growing awe of the tyger's creator
In The Tyger, there is no overall feeling of innocence and purity one can take from "The Lamb". There is 'fear' and 'tears', 'fire' and 'spears'. There are many images of violence, 'the stars [throwing] down their spears', and no presence of a peace-loving divinity. Within the poem itself, there is 'fearful symmetry', as the first and last stanzas are nearly duplicates. The only difference is that in the first stanza, the narrator wonders which God 'could' create a tiger; whereas the last stanza asks which God would 'dare' do it. The choice of a more forceful word makes the narrator seem to demand an answer. In The Lamb, the only questions are asked of the lamb, and then answered. None are asked of the tiger. God is questioned for his work, rather than praised, and the answers are never presented
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________*التــَّـوْقـْـيـعُ*_________
لا أحد يظن أن العظماء تعساء إلا العظماء أنفسهم. إدوارد ينج: شاعر إنجليزي
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